Islam, Md Shazzadul and Azam, S. M. Kayser and Hossain, A. K. M. Zakir and Ibrahimy, Muhammad I. and Motakabber, S. M. A. (2022) A low-profile flexible planar monopole antenna for biomedical applications. Enegineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-JESTECH, 35. ISSN 2215-0986, DOI https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jestch.2022.101112.
Full text not available from this repository.Abstract
This article proposes a low profile planar monopole antenna on flexible substrate. The antenna is designed with an elliptical slot inserted in a rectangular patch by utilizing the coplanar waveguide (CPW) feeding technique on a polyimide substrate. The proposed antenna operates within 7-14 GHz (S11 < - 10 dB) with a minimum return loss is observed as low as - 58 dB by simulation, whereas the entire X-band is covered by the - 20 dB bandwidth while maintaining an excellent VSWR of almost 1. Also, the antenna exhibits an average gain of 4 dBi while the average radiation efficiency is 92%. The maximum SAR of the proposed antenna for 1 g mass is below 1.0 W/Kg throughout the entire bandwidth. To observe flexibility, four different bending conditions of the antenna have been analyzed. For experimentation, the antenna has been realized as a prototype by using a low-cost fabrication process. The measurement reveals that the prototype has a -10 dB bandwidth of 5.4 GHz. During In-Vivo test, over the variation of 0 ti 3 mm distance between the antenna-prototype and the human chest/chicken breast tissue, the best performance is obtained at 3 mm in terms of the return loss. One of the significant features of the proposed design is its measured average and peak gain of 4.4 dBi and of 6.33 dBi respectively with a measured average efficiency of 65%. The proposed antenna has a compact size of 13 x 13 mm2 (0.35kg x 0.35kg), and its performance remains nominally constant even under different bending conditions which makes the antenna suitable for biomedical imaging applications. A new figure-of-merit has been introduced to evaluate the overall performance based on different antenna key parameters. The fabricated antenna would contribute to the future biomedical research by utilizing X-band frequencies. (c) 2022 Karabuk University. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Funders: | Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM) [Grant No: FRGS/1/2021/TK0/UTEM/02/34], Depart-ment of Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE) at the Interna-tional Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) - Ministry of Higher Education (MOHE) through Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS), Ministry of Higher Education (MOHE) through Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS) [Grant No: FRGS/1/2021/TK0/UTEM/02/34] |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Flexible antenna; X-band frequency; In-Vivo test; Figure of merit; Biomedical application |
| Subjects: | T Technology > T Technology (General) T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Engineering > Department of Electrical Engineering |
| Depositing User: | Ms. Juhaida Abd Rahim |
| Date Deposited: | 11 Oct 2023 04:05 |
| Last Modified: | 12 Nov 2024 02:40 |
| URI: | http://eprints.um.edu.my/id/eprint/42349 |
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