E., Maleki and K., Aroua M. and N., Sulaiman N.M. (2013) Castor oil - A more suitable feedstock for enzymatic production of methyl esters. Fuel Processing Technology, 112. pp. 129-132. ISSN 0378-3820, DOI https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2013.03.003.
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Abstract
The yield of solvent-free enzymatic methanolysis of castor oil which is soluble in methanol was compared with soybean and palm oils that are low soluble in methanol. The comparison was performed under different operating conditions namely, enzyme dosage, solvent, and acyl acceptor. All reactions were performed at 45 C and agitation rate of 200 rpm for 24 h using lipozyme TL IM as catalyst. The yield of methanolysis of castor oil was remarkably high compared with soybean and palm oils especially at lower dosages of enzyme. Castor oil was the most effective oil with highest methyl ester yield of 67.58 at 15 of enzyme dosage. High yield of methanolysis of castor oil has been thought to be due to its solubility in methanol. Increasing the amount of enzyme improved the yield of methanolysis reactions to a maximum value followed by slight decrease at higher loadings of enzyme. However, enzyme dosage had slight influence on the yield of biodiesel from castor oil. Unlike palm and soybean oils, methyl acetate and tert-butanol didn't improve the yield of enzymatic transesterification for castor oil. The special behavior of castor oil has been thought to be due to presence of hydroxyl group in its structure.
| Item Type: | Article |
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| Funders: | UNSPECIFIED |
| Additional Information: | Export Date: 21 April 2013 Source: Scopus CODEN: FPTED :doi 10.1016/j.fuproc.2013.03.003 Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Aroua, M.K.; Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; email: mkaroua@um.edu.my References: Akoh, C.C., Chang, S.-W., Lee, G.-C., Shaw, J.-F., Enzymatic approach to biodiesel production (2007) Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 55 (22), pp. 8995-9005. , DOI 10.1021/jf071724y; Vyas, A.P., Verma, J.L., Subrahmanyam, N., A review on FAME production processes (2010) Fuel, 89, pp. 1-9; Singh, S.P., Singh, D., Biodiesel production through the use of different sources and characterization of oils and their esters as the substitute of diesel: A review (2010) Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 14, pp. 200-216; Knothe, G., Dependence of biodiesel fuel properties on the structure of fatty acid alkyl esters (2005) Fuel Processing Technology, 86, pp. 1059-1070; 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| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Transesterification; Enzyme; Biodiesel; Castor oil; Palm oil; Soybean oil. |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) T Technology > TP Chemical technology |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Engineering |
| Depositing User: | Mr Jenal S |
| Date Deposited: | 16 Jul 2013 01:55 |
| Last Modified: | 11 Dec 2013 03:14 |
| URI: | http://eprints.um.edu.my/id/eprint/7390 |
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