Ahmed, Jamil and Wong, Li Ping and Chua, Yan Piaw and Channa, Najeebullah and Memon, Ubed-ur-Rehman and Garn, Joshua V. and Yasmin, Aneela and VanDerslice, James A. (2021) Heavy metals drinking water contamination and health risk assessment among primary school children of Pakistan. Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A, 56 (6). pp. 667-679. ISSN 1093-4529, DOI https://doi.org/10.1080/10934529.2021.1915653.
Full text not available from this repository.Abstract
The purpose of this study was to characterize the concentrations of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), manganese (Mn), and Fe (Fe) in drinking water sources in primary schools in Sindh Province, Pakistan and to quantify potential health risks among those school children. We conducted a representative, cross-sectional study among 425 primary schools in Sindh province of Pakistan. We used risk assessment models to estimate the metal index, pollution index, lifetime cancer risk, and hazard quotient index. Across the 425 sampled schools, the levels of heavy metals in the drinking water often exceeded the WHO permissible limits (67% of schools exceeded Pb limit, 17% for Cd, 15% for Fe). The average incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) for Pb exceeded tolerable limits in all of the districts under study. The findings, particularly for Pb, are of concern, as Pb may negatively influence children's growth, development, school performance, and long-term health.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Funders: | USAID under USPCASW [Grant No: Phase-II/07] |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Health risk; Water quality; Pollution index; Metal index; Heavy metal indices; Malnourished populations |
| Subjects: | G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > GE Environmental Sciences T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Education Faculty of Medicine |
| Depositing User: | Ms Zaharah Ramly |
| Date Deposited: | 22 Jun 2022 04:41 |
| Last Modified: | 22 Jun 2022 04:41 |
| URI: | http://eprints.um.edu.my/id/eprint/34028 |
Actions (login required)
 |
View Item |
