Ahmed, Jamil and Wong, Li Ping and Chua, Yan Piaw and Yasmin, Aneela and Channa, Najeebullah and VanDerslice, James A. (2020) Estimation of hepatitis a virus infection prevalence through drinking water supply of primary schools of Sindh, Pakistan. Hepatitis Monthly, 20 (5). ISSN 1735143X, DOI https://doi.org/10.5812/hepatmon.98412.
Full text not available from this repository.Abstract
Background: Hepatitis A Virus (HAV) is among the main endemic human enteric viral diseases that directly or indirectly affect children's performance at primary schools in low-income countries. Limited information is available on the presence of HAV, with particular reference to drinking water supplies of primary schools in Sindh, Pakistan. Objectives: The present study estimated the risk of HAV infection through drinking water sources using Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment (QMRA) in primary schools of Sindh, Pakistan. Methods: TheQMRAmodel was applied to estimate the potential health risks of HAV using indicator organisms, i.e., fecal coliforms. Microbial analysis was conducted using a membrane filtration method. The exponential dose-response model was used to calculate the probability of infection. Results: The highest daily risk of HAV infection for schoolchildren was calculated as 35.0 per 10,000 schoolchildren in Karachi district with an annual risk of 66%, whereas the lowest risk was 3.0 per 10,000 schoolchildren in Larkana with 7.8% of the annual risk. The mortality risk due to HAV ranged from 4.0 to 29 deaths per 10,000 children per year. Conclusions: Overall, the drinking water quality of primary schools of Sindh was found very poor. The estimated daily and annual risks of hepatitis A to primary school children were moderate to high. To halt enteric virus transmission through drinking water sources, there is a dire need to invest in the provision of comprehensive water sanitation and hygiene facilities at schools.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Funders: | UNSPECIFIED |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Hepatitis A; Health Risk; Enteric Virus; Drinking Water |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QR Microbiology Q Science > QR Microbiology > QR355 Virology R Medicine > R Medicine (General) R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Education Faculty of Medicine Faculty of Medicine > Social & Preventive Medicine |
| Depositing User: | Ms Zaharah Ramly |
| Date Deposited: | 01 Dec 2023 03:43 |
| Last Modified: | 01 Dec 2023 03:43 |
| URI: | http://eprints.um.edu.my/id/eprint/36703 |
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