Thermally Activated vs. Photochemical Hydrogen Evolution Reactions-A Tale of Three Metals

Oncak, Milan and Siu, Chi-Kit and van der Linde, Christian and Tang, Wai Kit and Beyer, Martin K. (2023) Thermally Activated vs. Photochemical Hydrogen Evolution Reactions-A Tale of Three Metals. Chemistry-A European Journal, 29 (26). ISSN 0947-6539, DOI https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.202203590.

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Abstract

Molecular processes behind hydrogen evolution reactions can be quite complex. In macroscopic electrochemical cells, it is extremely difficult to elucidate and understand their mechanism. Gas phase models, consisting of a metal ion and a small number of water molecules, provide unique opportunities to understand the reaction pathways in great detail. Hydrogen evolution in clusters consisting of a singly charged metal ion and one to on the order of 50 water molecules has been studied extensively for magnesium, aluminum and vanadium. Such clusters with around 10-20 water molecules are known to eliminate atomic or molecular hydrogen upon mild activation by room temperature black-body radiation. Irradiation with ultraviolet light, by contrast, enables hydrogen evolution already with a single water molecule. Here, we analyze and compare the reaction mechanisms for hydrogen evolution on the ground state as well as excited state potential energy surfaces. Five distinct mechanisms for evolution of atomic or molecular hydrogen are identified and characterized.

Item Type: Article
Funders: UNSPECIFIED
Uncontrolled Keywords: hydrated metal ions; hydrogen evolution; mass spectrometry; photochemistry; spectroscopy
Subjects: Q Science > Q Science (General)
Q Science > QD Chemistry
Divisions: Deputy Vice Chancellor (Research & Innovation) Office > Institute of Research Management and Services
Depositing User: Ms. Juhaida Abd Rahim
Date Deposited: 21 Jul 2025 08:34
Last Modified: 21 Jul 2025 08:34
URI: http://eprints.um.edu.my/id/eprint/50850

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