Burns, R. A. and Uno, Y. and Sakai, N. and Blanchard, J. and Fazil, Z. and Orosz, G. and Yonekura, Y. and Tanabe, Y. and Sugiyama, K. and Hirota, T. and Kim, Kee-Tae and Aberfelds, A. and Volvach, A. E. and Bartkiewicz, A. and Garatti, A. Caratti o and Sobolev, A. M. and Stecklum, B. and Brogan, C. and Phillips, C. and Ladeyschikov, D. A. and Johnstone, D. and Surcis, G. and MacLeod, G. C. and Linz, H. and Chibueze, J. O. and Brand, J. and Eisloeffel, J. and Hyland, L. and Uscanga, L. and Olech, M. and Durjasz, M. and Bayandina, O. and Breen, S. and Ellingsen, S. P. and van den Heever, S. P. and Hunter, T. R. and Chen, X. (2023) A Keplerian disk with a four-arm spiral birthing an episodically accreting high-mass protostar. Nature Astronomy, 7 (5). pp. 557-568. ISSN 2397-3366, DOI https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-023-01899-w.
Full text not available from this repository.Abstract
High-mass protostars (M-star > 8M(circle dot)) are thought to gain the majority of their mass via short, intense bursts of growth. This episodic accretion is thought to be facilitated by gravitationally unstable and subsequently inhomogeneous accretion disks. Limitations of observational capabilities, paired with a lack of observed accretion burst events, have withheld affirmative confirmation of the association between disk accretion, instability and the accretion burst phenomenon in high-mass protostars. Following its 2019 accretion burst, a heatwave driven by a burst of radiation propagated outward from the high-mass protostar G358.93-0.03-MM1. Six very long baseline interferometry observations of the radiatively pumped 6.7 GHz methanol maser were conducted during this period, tracing ever increasing disk radii as the heatwave propagated outward. Concatenating the very long baseline interferometry maps provided a sparsely sampled, milliarcsecond view of the spatio-kinematics of the accretion disk covering a physical range of similar to 50-900 AU. We term this observational approach `heatwave mapping'. We report the discovery of a Keplerian accretion disk with a spatially resolved four-arm spiral pattern around G358.93-0.03-MM1. This result positively implicates disk accretion and spiral arm instabilities into the episodic accretion high-mass star formation paradigm.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Funders: | East Asian Core Observatories Association, NRC Canada, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Narodowym Centrum Nauki [Grant no. 2021/43/B/ST9/02008], Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Poland [Grant no. 28/530020/SPUB/SP/2022, 2021/WK/02] |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Keplerian disk; Four-arm; Spiral birthing; High-mass protostar |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QC Physics |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Science > Department of Physics |
| Depositing User: | Ms. Juhaida Abd Rahim |
| Date Deposited: | 23 Oct 2025 21:46 |
| Last Modified: | 23 Oct 2025 21:46 |
| URI: | http://eprints.um.edu.my/id/eprint/48375 |
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