Zhang, Huai and Zhou, Xiao-Dong and Shapiro, Michael D. and Lip, Gregory Y. H. and Tilg, Herbert and Valenti, Luca and Somers, Virend K. and Byrne, Christopher D. and Targher, Giovanni and Yang, Wah and Viveiros, Octavio and Opio, Christopher Kenneth and Mantzoros, Christos S. and Ryan, John D. and Kok, Kenneth Yuh Yen and Jumaev, Nozim Adxamovich and Perera, Nilanka and Robertson, Andrew Gerard and Abu-Abeid, Adam and Misra, Anoop and Wong, Yu Jun and Ruiz-Ucar, Elena and Ospanov, Oral and Kizilkaya, Mehmet Celal and Luo, Fei and Mendez-Sanchez, Nahum and Zuluaga, Mauricio and Lonardo, Amedeo and Al Momani, Hazem and Toro-Huamanchumo, Carlos Jesus and Adams, Leon and Al-Busafi, Said A. and Sharara, Ala I. and Chan, Wah-Kheong and Abbas, Syed Imran and Sookoian, Silvia and Treeprasertsuk, Sombat and Ocama, Ponsiano and Alswat, Khalid and Kong, Alice Pik-Shan and Ataya, Karim and Lim-Loo, Michelle Ching and Oviedo, Rodolfo J. and Szepietowski, Olivia and Fouad, Yasser and Zhang, Huijie and Abdelbaki, Tamer N. and Katsouras, Christos S. and Prasad, Arun and Thaher, Omar and Ali, Arshad and Molina, Gabriel Alejandro and Sung, Ki-Chul and Chen, Qin-Fen and Lesmana, Cosmas Rinaldi Adithya and Zheng, Ming-Hua (2024) Global burden of metabolic diseases, 1990-2021021. Metabolism-Clinical and Experimental, 160. p. 155999. ISSN 0026-0495, DOI https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2024.155999.
Full text not available from this repository.Abstract
Background: Common metabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hypertension, obesity, hypercholesterolemia, and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), have become a global health burden in the last three decades. The Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) data enables the first insights into the trends and burdens of these metabolic diseases from 1990 to 2021, highlighting regional, temporal and differences by sex. Methods: Global estimates of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and deaths from GBD 2021 were analyzed for common metabolic diseases (T2DM, hypertension, obesity, hypercholesterolemia, and MASLD). Age- standardized DALYs (mortality) per 100,000 population and annual percentage change (APC) between 1990 and 2021 were estimated for trend analyses. Estimates are reported with uncertainty intervals (UI). Results: In 2021, among five common metabolic diseases, hypertension had the greatest burden (226 million 95 % UI: 190-259] DALYs), whilst T2DM (75 million 95 % UI: 63-90] DALYs) conferred much greater disability than MASLD (3.67 million 95 % UI: 2.90-4.61]). The highest absolute burden continues to be found in the most populous countries of the world, particularly India, China, and the United States, whilst the highest relative burden was mostly concentrated in Oceania Island states. The burden of these metabolic diseases has continued to increase over the past three decades but has varied in the rate of increase (1.6-fold to 3-fold increase). The burden of T2DM (0.42 % 95 % UI: 0.34-0.51]) and obesity (0.26 % 95 % UI: 0.17-0.34]) has increased at an accelerated rate, while the rate of increase for the burden of hypertension (-0.30 % 95 % UI:-0.34 to-0.25]) and hypercholesterolemia (-0.33 % 95 % UI:-0.37 to-0.30]) is slowing. There is no significant change in MASLD over time (0.05 % 95 % UI:-0.06 to 0.17]). Conclusion: In the 21st century, common metabolic diseases are presenting a significant global health challenge. There is a concerning surge in DALYs and mortality associated with these conditions, underscoring the necessity for a coordinated global health initiative to stem the tide of these debilitating diseases and improve population health outcomes worldwide.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Funders: | National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (82070588) ; (82370577), National Key Research & Development Program of China (2023YFA1800801) |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Global Burden of Disease; Metabolic diseases; Obesity; Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease; Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease |
| Subjects: | R Medicine > R Medicine (General) |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Medicine > Medicine Department |
| Depositing User: | Ms. Juhaida Abd Rahim |
| Date Deposited: | 14 Apr 2025 03:15 |
| Last Modified: | 14 Apr 2025 03:15 |
| URI: | http://eprints.um.edu.my/id/eprint/46624 |
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