Al-Rawhani, Alaa H. and Adznam, Siti Nur'Asyura and Abu Zaid, Zalina and Yusop, Nor Baizura Md. and M. Sallehuddin, Hakimah and Alshawsh, Mohammed A. (2024) Effectiveness of whey protein supplementation on muscle strength and physical performance of older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Clinical Nutrition, 43 (10). pp. 2412-2426. ISSN 0261-5614, DOI https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2024.08.033.
Full text not available from this repository.Abstract
Objective: To determine the effectiveness of whey protein (WP) supplementation during resistance exercise training (RET) vs. RET with or without placebo supplementation on skeletal muscle mass, strength, and physical performance in older people with Sarcopenia. Methods: Electronic searches in the PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, SPORTDiscus, Epistemonikos, and CINAHL databases were performed until 20 January 2023. Randomized clinical trials conducted on sarcopenic adults aged 60 or older were included. The studies had to compare the effectiveness of the addition of supplements based on concentrated, isolated, or hydrolyzed whey protein during RET and compare it with RET with or without placebo supplementation on skeletal muscle mass and strength changes. The study selection process, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment were carried out by two independent reviewers. Results: Seven randomized clinical trials (591 participants) were included, and five of them provided data for quantitative synthesis. The overall pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) estimate showed a small effect size in favor of RET plus WP for skeletal muscle mass according to appendicular muscle index, with statistically significant differences compared with RET with or without the placebo group (SMD = 0.24; 95% CI, 0.05 to 0.42; p = 0.01; I-2 = 0%, p = 0.42). The overall pooled mean difference (MD) estimate showed a significant difference of +2.31 kg (MD = 2.31 kg; 95% CI, 0.01 to 4.6; p = 0.05; I-2 = 81%, p < 0.001) in handgrip strength in the RET plus WP group compared with the RET group with or without placebo. The narrative synthesis revealed discordance between the results of the studies on physical performance. Conclusions: WP supplementation during RET is more effective in increasing handgrip strength and skeletal muscle mass in older people with Sarcopenia compared with RET with or without placebo supplementation. However, the effect sizes were small, and the MD did not exceed the minimally important clinical difference. The quality of the evidence was low to very low according, to the GRADE approach. Further research is needed in this field. (c) 2024 Elsevier Ltd and European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Funders: | Universiti Putra Malaysia [Grant no. GP-IPS/2022/9728800] |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Whey protein; Muscle strength; Physical performance; Older adults |
| Subjects: | R Medicine > RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Medicine > Department of Pharmacology |
| Depositing User: | Ms. Juhaida Abd Rahim |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Oct 2025 21:18 |
| Last Modified: | 24 Oct 2025 21:18 |
| URI: | http://eprints.um.edu.my/id/eprint/46458 |
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