Teeraananchai, Sirinya and Law, Matthew and Boettiger, David and De la Mata, Nicole and Gupte, Nikhil and Chan, Yun-ting Lawrence and Pham, Thach Ngoc and Chaiwarith, Romanee and Ly, Penh Sun and Chan, Yu-Jiun and Kiertiburanakul, Sasisopin and Khusuwan, Suwimon and Zhang, Fujie and Yunihastuti, Evy and Kumarasamy, Nagalingeswaran and Pujari, Sanjay and Azwa, Iskandar and Somia, I. Ketut Agus and Tanuma, Junko and Ditangco, Rossana and Choi, Jun Yong and Ng, Oon Tek and Do, Cuong Duy and Gani, Yasmin and Ross, Jeremy and Jiamsakul, Awachana (2022) Virological failure and treatment switch after ART initiation among people living with HIV with and without routine viral load monitoring in Asia. Journal of the International AIDS Society, 25 (8). ISSN 1758-2652, DOI https://doi.org/10.1002/jia2.25989.
Full text not available from this repository.Abstract
Introduction Viral load (VL) testing is still challenging to monitor treatment responses of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV treatment programme in Asia. We assessed the association between routine VL testing and virological failure (VF) and determine factors associated with switching to second-line regimen. Methods Among 21 sites from the TREAT Asia HIV Observational Database (TAHOD), people living with HIV (PLHIV) aged >= 18 years initiating ART from 2003 to 2021 were included. We calculated the average number of VL tests per patient per year between the date of ART initiation and the most recent visit. If the median average number of VL tests was >= 0.80 per patient per year, the site was classified as a routine VL site. A site with a median < 0.80 was classified into the non-routine VL sites. VF was defined as VL >= 1000 copies/ml during first-line therapy. Factors associated with VF were analysed using generalized estimating equations with Poisson distribution. Results Of 6277 PLHIV starting ART after 2003, 3030 (48%) were from 11 routine VL testing sites and 3247 (52%) were from 10 non-routine VL testing sites. The median follow-up was 9 years (IQR 5-13). The median age was 35 (30-42) years; 68% were male and 5729 (91%) started non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor-based regimen. The median pre-ART CD4 count in PLHIV from routine VL sites was lower compared to non-routine VL sites (144 vs. 156 cells/mm(3), p <0.001). Overall, 1021 subsequent VF at a rate of 2.15 (95% CI 2.02-2.29) per 100 person-years (PY). VF was more frequent at non-routine VL sites (adjusted incidence rate ratio 2.85 95% CI 2.27-3.59]) compared to routine VL sites. Other factors associated with an increased rate of VF were age <50 years and CD4 count <350 cells/mm(3). A total of 817 (13%) patients switched to second-line regimen at a rate of 1.44 (95% CI 1.35-1.54) per 100 PY. PLHIV at routine VL monitoring sites were at higher risk of switching than those at non-routine VL sites (adjusted sub-hazard ratio 1.78 95% CI 1.17-2.71]). Conclusions PLHIV from non-routine VL sites had a higher incidence of persistent VF and a low switching regimen rate, reflecting possible under-utilized VL testing.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Funders: | Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing - Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | HIV; Routine viral load testing; Asia; Cohort studies; Antiretroviral therapy; Virological failure |
| Subjects: | R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine R Medicine > RC Internal medicine |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Medicine > Medicine Department |
| Depositing User: | Ms. Juhaida Abd Rahim |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Nov 2023 01:22 |
| Last Modified: | 24 Nov 2023 01:22 |
| URI: | http://eprints.um.edu.my/id/eprint/41402 |
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