Mohammed, Mohammed Alhaji and Basirun, Wan Jeffrey and Abd Rahman, N. M. Mira and Shalauddin, Md and Salleh, Noordini M. (2022) The effect of acid hydrolysis parameters on the properties of nanocellulose extracted from almond shells. Journal Of Natural Fibers, 19 (16). pp. 14102-14114. ISSN 1544-0478, DOI https://doi.org/10.1080/15440478.2022.2116518.
Full text not available from this repository.Abstract
The effects of acid hydrolysis parameters (acid type, acid concentration, reaction time, and temperature) on the properties of nanocellulose (NC) extracted from almond shells were investigated. The highest percentage yield of NC obtained from each type of acid was 71.8% using 25% w/v sulfuric acid at 50 degrees C for 60 min, followed by 71.1% with 50% w/v perchloric acid at 35 degrees C for 15 min, and finally 67% with 50% w/v methane sulfonic acid at 25 degrees C for 10 min. The hydrolysis treatment using sulfuric and perchloric acids greatly affect the NC particle size and length. The extracted NCs show different thermal degradation profiles due to the difference in the crystallinity index and types of acid used. Hydrolysis with strong acids (sulfuric and perchloric acids) produce NC with lower crystallinity due to the degradation of both amorphous and crystalline regions in the cellulose. Furthermore, BET analysis revealed the NCs from the hydrolysis using sulfuric acid possesses the highest surface area, desorption/adsorption pore diameter, desorption, and adsorption cumulative pore volume compared to other acids.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Funders: | Federal Government of Nigeria, Universiti Malaya SATU Grant [ST043-2021], Federal University of Lafia |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Nanocellulose; natural fiber; acid hydrolysis; crystallinity; thermal degradation; surface area |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QD Chemistry |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Science > Department of Chemistry Nanotechnology & Catalysis Research Centre |
| Depositing User: | Ms. Juhaida Abd Rahim |
| Date Deposited: | 15 Jul 2024 06:37 |
| Last Modified: | 15 Jul 2024 06:37 |
| URI: | http://eprints.um.edu.my/id/eprint/40421 |
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