Zelenev, Alexei and Li, Jianghong and Mazhnaya, Alyona and Basu, Sanjay and Altice, Frederick L. (2018) Hepatitis C virus treatment as prevention in an extended network of people who inject drugs in the USA: a modelling study. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 18 (2). pp. 215-224. ISSN 1473-3099, DOI https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(17)30676-X.
Full text not available from this repository.Abstract
Background: Chronic infections with hepatitis C virus (HCV) and HIV are highly prevalent in the USA and concentrated in people who inject drugs. Treatment as prevention with highly effective new direct-acting antivirals is a prospective HCV elimination strategy. We used network-based modelling to analyse the effect of this strategy in HCV-infected people who inject drugs in a US city. Methods: Five graph models were fit using data from 1574 people who inject drugs in Hartford, CT, USA. We used a degree-corrected stochastic block model, based on goodness-of-fit, to model networks of injection drug users. We simulated transmission of HCV and HIV through this network with varying levels of HCV treatment coverage (0%, 3%, 6%, 12%, or 24%) and varying baseline HCV prevalence in people who inject drugs (30%, 60%, 75%, or 85%). We compared the effectiveness of seven treatment-as-prevention strategies on reducing HCV prevalence over 10 years and 20 years versus no treatment. The strategies consisted of treatment assigned to either a randomly chosen individual who injects drugs or to an individual with the highest number of injection partners. Additional strategies explored the effects of treating either none, half, or all of the injection partners of the selected individual, as well as a strategy based on respondent-driven recruitment into treatment. Findings: Our model estimates show that at the highest baseline HCV prevalence in people who inject drugs (85%), expansion of treatment coverage does not substantially reduce HCV prevalence for any treatment-as-prevention strategy. However, when baseline HCV prevalence is 60% or lower, treating more than 120 (12%) individuals per 1000 people who inject drugs per year would probably eliminate HCV within 10 years. On average, assigning treatment randomly to individuals who inject drugs is better than targeting individuals with the most injection partners. Treatment-as-prevention strategies that treat additional network members are among the best performing strategies and can enhance less effective strategies that target the degree (ie, the highest number of injection partners) within the network. Interpretation: Successful HCV treatment as prevention should incorporate the baseline HCV prevalence and will achieve the greatest benefit when coverage is sufficiently expanded. Funding: National Institute on Drug Abuse.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Funders: | National Institute on Drug Abuse |
| Additional Information: | Centre of Excellence for Research in AIDS (CERiA), Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antiviral Agents; Chemoprevention; Cities; Computer Simulation; Disease Transmission, Infectious; Female; Hepatitis C; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Models, Statistical; Prevalence; Substance Abuse, Intravenous; Surveys and Questionnaires; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; United States; Young Adult |
| Subjects: | R Medicine |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Medicine |
| Depositing User: | Ms. Juhaida Abd Rahim |
| Date Deposited: | 28 Jan 2019 01:54 |
| Last Modified: | 30 May 2019 02:36 |
| URI: | http://eprints.um.edu.my/id/eprint/20174 |
Actions (login required)
 |
View Item |
