Alkhadher, Sadeq A. A. and Al-Hazmi, Hussein E. and Suratman, Suhaimi and Zakaria, Mohamad Pauzi and Masood, Najat and Szelag, Bartosz and Magam, Sami M. and Al-Qadami, Ebrahim H. H. and Majtacz, Joanna and Kowal, Przemyslaw and Kurniawan, Tonni A. and Abdulrahman, Sameer A. M. and Albaseer, Saeed S. and Tenebe, Imokhai Theophilus (2023) Assessment of sewage molecular markers: Linear alkylbenzenes in sediments of an industrialized region in Peninsular Malaysia. Water, 15 (18). ISSN 2073-4441, DOI https://doi.org/10.3390/w15183301.
Full text not available from this repository.Abstract
In this study, the use of linear alkylbenzenes (LABs) was employed to pinpoint the sources of human activity that cause detrimental impacts on the coastal environment and river ecosystems. LABs were detected using GC-MS in sediment samples assembled from Kim Kim River (KKR) and the Port Dickson coast (PDC). To assess the significance of variations in the distribution and concentrations of LABs across the sampling sites, this study utilized several statistical techniques such as post hoc tests, LSD techniques, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the Pearson correlation coefficient using a significance level of p < 0.05. The degradation levels of LABs and wastewater treatment were assessed in the study using internal congeners (I/E), homologs of C-13 and C-12, and long-to-short-chain (L/S) ratios. The results revealed that the LAB concentrations varied between 88.3 and 112 ng/g dw in KKR and 119 to 256 ng/g dw in the PDC. Most of the surveyed areas exhibited a substantial count of C-13-LABs homologs that displayed a significant difference (p < 0.05). The I/E ratios ranged from 1.7 to 2.0 in KKR and from 2.0 to 4.1 in the PDC, suggesting that the effluents originated from sources associated with the physical phase and biological phase in wastewater treatment systems (WWTSs). The results revealed that the degradation of LABs varied between 34% and 38% in KKR and between 40% and 64% in the PDC. This study underscores the importance of ongoing improvements to WWTSs and emphasizes the potential of LABs as indicators for monitoring wastewater contamination.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Funders: | University of Perak, Universiti Putra Malaysia [Grant no. 9412401], Universiti Malaysia Terengganu |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Linear alkylbenzenes; Sediment; internally over exterior; Pollutants contained in wastewater; Degradation; Molecular marker |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QD Chemistry T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) |
| Divisions: | Deputy Vice Chancellor (Research & Innovation) Office > Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences |
| Depositing User: | Ms. Juhaida Abd Rahim |
| Date Deposited: | 18 Oct 2025 13:03 |
| Last Modified: | 18 Oct 2025 13:03 |
| URI: | http://eprints.um.edu.my/id/eprint/48149 |
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