Cytotoxic Effects of Pinnatane A Extracted from Walsura pinnata (Meliaceae) on Human Liver Cancer Cells

Zakaria, Nurhisyam and Mahdzir, Mohamad and Yusoff, Mahfuzah and Arshad, Norhafiza Mohd and Awang, Khalijah and Nagoor, Noor Hasima (2018) Cytotoxic Effects of Pinnatane A Extracted from Walsura pinnata (Meliaceae) on Human Liver Cancer Cells. Molecules, 23 (11). p. 2733. ISSN 1420-3049, DOI https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23112733.

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Official URL: https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23112733

Abstract

Background: Pinnatane A from the bark of Walsura pinnata was investigated for its anti-cancer properties by analyzing the cytotoxic activities and cell cycle arrest mechanism induced in two different liver cancer cell lines. Methods: A 3-(4,5-Dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to analyze the pinnatane A selectivity in inducing cell death in cancer and normal cells. Various biological assays were carried out to analyze the anti-cancer properties of pinnatane A, such as a live/dead assay for cell death microscopic visualization, cell cycle analysis using propidium iodide (PI) to identify the cell cycle arrest phase, annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate (annexin V-FITC)/PI flow cytometry assay to measure percentage of cell populations at different stages of apoptosis and necrosis, and DNA fragmentation assay to verify the late stage of apoptosis. Results: The MTT assay identified pinnatane A prominent dose- and time-dependent cytotoxicity effects in Hep3B and HepG2 cells, with minimal effect on normal cells. The live/dead assay showed significant cell death, while cell cycle analysis showed arrest at the G0/G1 phase in both cell lines. Annexin V-FITC/PI flow cytometry and DNA fragmentation assays identified apoptotic cell death in Hep3B and necrotic cell death in HepG2 cell lines. Conclusions: Pinnatane A has the potential for further development as a chemotherapeutic agent prominently against human liver cells.

Item Type: Article
Funders: Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture Research Grant [RU015-2015 and RU006-2017], Postgraduate Research Grant [PG044-2016A]
Uncontrolled Keywords: anti-cancer; apoptosis; cell cycle arrest; necrosis; triterpene
Subjects: Q Science > Q Science (General)
Q Science > QD Chemistry
Q Science > QH Natural history
Divisions: Faculty of Science
Faculty of Science > Department of Chemistry
Faculty of Science > Institute of Biological Sciences
Depositing User: Ms. Juhaida Abd Rahim
Date Deposited: 28 Jan 2019 03:23
Last Modified: 28 Jan 2019 03:23
URI: http://eprints.um.edu.my/id/eprint/20186

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