Emerging subfamilies of MXenes: Modification of M and X sites

Venkateshalu, Sandhya and Sitaaraman, S. R. and Paw, Johnny Koh Siaw and Mohamad, Sharifah (2025) Emerging subfamilies of MXenes: Modification of M and X sites. Sustainable Materials and Technologies, 43. ISSN 2214-9937, DOI https://doi.org/10.1016/j.susmat.2025.e01254.

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Abstract

Since the discovery of Ti3C2 in 2011, the family of MXenes expanded tremendously and is now acclaimed to be the fastest-growing family of 2D materials. Their huge compositional design space allows for the frequent addition of new members with unique properties. By altering the parameters in M n +1 X n T x , innumerable compositions can be achieved, enabling the tailoring of properties for specific applications. Modifying the M and X sites of MXenes has led to new subfamilies over the last decade, including double transition metal MXenes, high- entropy MXenes, and oxycarbide MXenes, all of which exhibit the potential to outperform the conventional MXenes in various applications. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the latest MXene subfamilies, emphasizing their structure, properties, and applications while addressing current challenges and future research directions in this burgeoning field.

Item Type: Article
Funders: Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN) [Grant No: PLUS: POSTDOC 10791206], Universiti Malaya
Uncontrolled Keywords: MXene; Expansion of MXene family; M site modification; X site modification; Oxycarbide MXene
Subjects: Q Science > QD Chemistry
T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering
Divisions: Faculty of Science > Department of Chemistry
Depositing User: Ms. Juhaida Abd Rahim
Date Deposited: 01 Oct 2025 07:42
Last Modified: 01 Oct 2025 07:42
URI: http://eprints.um.edu.my/id/eprint/47991

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