Nemati, K. and Bakar, Nor Kartini Abu and Abas, M.R. and Sobhanzadeh, E. and Low, K.H. (2011) Comparison of unmodified and modified BCR sequential extraction schemes for the fractionation of heavy metals in shrimp aquaculture sludge from Selangor, Malaysia. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 176 (1-4). pp. 313-320. ISSN 01676369, DOI https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-010-1584-3.
Full text not available from this repository.Abstract
A study was carried out to investigate the fractionation of Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, and Zn in shrimp aquaculture sludge from Selangor, Malaysia, using original (unmodified) and modified four-steps BCR (European Community Bureau of Reference, now known as the Standards Measurements and Testing Program) sequential extraction scheme. Step 2 of the unmodified BCR procedure (subsequently called Method A) involves treatment with 0.1 M hydroxylammonium chloride at pH 2, whereas 0.5 M hydroxylammonium chloride at pH 1.5 was used in the modified BCR procedure (subsequently called Method B). Metal analyses were carried out by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. A pseudo-total aqua-regia digest of BCR CRM 701 has also been undertaken for quality assurance purposes. The recovery of Method A for all metals studied ranges from 96.14 to 105.26, while the recovery for Method B ranges from 95.94 to 122.40. Our results reveal that Method A underestimated the proportion of metals bound to the easily reducible fraction except for copper. Therefore, the potential mobility of these elements is higher than others. Thus, to use this sludge as a fertilizer we have to first find a remediation for reduction of heavy metal contamination.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Funders: | UNSPECIFIED |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | BCR sequential extraction Contamination factor Mobility Shrimp aquaculture sludge Trace metals Abandoned mines Absorption spectroscopy Aquaculture Atomic absorption spectrometry Chlorine compounds Chromium Extraction Lead Manganese Metal recovery Metals Positive ions Quality assurance Shellfish Standards Testing Trace elements Soil pollution ammonium chloride cadmium copper hydroxylammonium iron unclassified drug zinc atomic absorption spectroscopy element mobility extraction method fractionation heavy metal shrimp culture sludge trace metal article chemical analysis ecosystem restoration Europe heavy metal removal Malaysia pH quality control reproducibility separation technique sequential extraction technique shrimp standardization waste water management water contamination Animals Chemical Fractionation Crustacea Environmental Monitoring Metals, Heavy Sewage Selangor West Malaysia Decapoda (Crustacea) |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QD Chemistry |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Science > Department of Chemistry |
| Depositing User: | miss munirah saadom |
| Date Deposited: | 02 Jul 2013 01:23 |
| Last Modified: | 28 Aug 2019 03:09 |
| URI: | http://eprints.um.edu.my/id/eprint/6242 |
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