Ductility behaviour of reinforced palm kernel shell concrete beams

Alengaram, Ubagaram Johnson and Jumaat, Mohd Zamin and Mahmud, H. (2008) Ductility behaviour of reinforced palm kernel shell concrete beams. European Journal of Scientific Research, 23 (3). pp. 406-420. ISSN 1450216X,

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Abstract

This paper presents the results on the structural behavior of palm kernel shell concrete and its comparison with normal weight concrete (NWC). The structural grade palm kernel shell concrete, a lightweight concrete (LWC) produced using palm kernel shell (PKS) an agricultural waste and by-product of the production of palm oil as lightweight aggregate, referred to hereafter as PKSC. The concrete is of grade 30 and the reinforced concrete beams of size 150 mm x 250 mm x 2100 mm were prepared to study the structural behavior. Similar grade concrete using NWC were also prepared and reinforced. The flexural behavior of under-reinforced concrete beams of grade 30 concrete has been studied and the results are compared with NWC beams which were also designed as grade 30 and under-reinforced similar to that of the PKSC beams. Ten percent of silica fume and five percent of class-F fly ash on cement weight were used as additional and cement replacement cementitious materials respectively. Each beam was tested under two-point loading for flexure until failure. It has been observed from the experimental investigation of the beams, that the moment capacity of PKSC beams was higher than NWC beams by about three percent. In addition, the mode of failure observed in PKSC was ductile compared to the brittle failure of NWC beams. Thus, the PKSC beams showed a ductile failure, giving amble warning before failure happened. PKSC beams also exhibited a lot of cracking thus the crack width and crack spacing was small. The other advantage for PKSC beams was deflection. The PKSC beams exhibited higher deflection under constant load until failure, compared to NWC beams that failed in brittle manner without warning. Higher concrete strains for the reinforcement in the PKSC shows stronger bond between PKSC and the reinforcement.

Item Type:	Article
Funders:	UNSPECIFIED
Additional Information:	Cited By (since 1996): 16 Export Date: 6 January 2013 Source: Scopus Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Alengaram, U. J.; Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; email: ujohnrose@yahoo.com References: Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density and Absorption of Coarse Aggregate (2003) Annual Book of ASTM Standards, , ASTM, ASTM C 127; Standard Test Method for Density, Yield and Air Content (2003) Annual Book of ASTM Standards, , ASTM, ASTM C 138; Ata, O., Olanipekun, E.A., Oluola, K.O., A comparative study of concrete properties using coconut shell and palm kernel shell as coarse aggregates (2006) Building and Environment, 41, pp. 297-301; Basri, H.B., Mannan, M.A., Zain, M.F.M., Concrete using waste oil palm shells as aggregates (1999) Cement and Concrete Research, 29, pp. 619-622; (1997) Structural use of Concrete. Code of Practice for Design and Construction, , BS 8110-1, British Standards Institution, London; (1983) FIP Manual of Lightweight Aggregate Concrete, , 2nd ed., London: Surrey University Press; Neville, A.M., (1996) Properties of Concrete, , Longman Group Limited, London; Okafor, F.O., Palm kernel shell as a lightweight aggregate for concrete (1988) Cement and Concrete Research, 18, pp. 901-910; Okpala, D.C., Palm kernel shell as a lightweight aggregate in concrete (1990) Building and Environment, 25, pp. 291-296; Ramli, A., Short-term and long-term projection of Malaysian palm oil production (2003) Oil Palm Industry Economic Journal, 3, pp. 32-36; Robert, L., Lindon, S., Peter, W., Ray, R., Cementitious additions (2003) Advanced Concrete Technology, pp. 43-45. , In: John N, Ban SC, editors, Amsterdam: Elsevier publications; Satish, C., Berntsson, L., (2003) Lightweight Aggregate Concrete, Science, Technology, and Applications, , 1st edn., New York: Noyes Publications; Short, A., Kinniburgh, W., (1978) Lightweight Concrete, , 3rd edn. London, Applied Science; Teo, D.C.L., Mannan, M.A., Kurian, J.V., Flexural Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Beams Made with Oil Palm Shell (OPS) (2006) Journal of Advanced Concrete Technology, 4, pp. 459-468
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Ductile behavior, Failure mode, Lightweight aggregates, Palm kernel shell concrete, Structural behavior.
Subjects:	T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)
Divisions:	Faculty of Engineering
Depositing User:	Mr Jenal S
Date Deposited:	21 May 2013 01:58
Last Modified:	05 Feb 2020 04:25
URI:	http://eprints.um.edu.my/id/eprint/6092

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