Chew, See Khai and Teoh, Wen Hui and Hong, Sok Lai and Yusoff, Rozita (2023) Rutin extraction from female Carica papaya Linn. using ultrasound and microwave-assisted extractive methods: Optimization and extraction efficiencies. Heliyon, 9 (10). ISSN 2405-8440, DOI https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20260.
Full text not available from this repository.Abstract
Green extractive methods accompanied by resource conservation through process optimization are important in working towards sustainable processes. In the present paper, rutin was extracted from the leaf of female Carica papaya Linn using microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), sequential microwave ultrasound-assisted extraction (MUAE), and sequential ultrasound microwave-assisted extraction (UMAE) methods. Subsequently, the effect of extraction parameters on rutin yield were analyzed and compared. In addition, the extraction efficiency and energy consumption of the extraction processes were measured and discussed. In the present study, solid-liquid (S/L) ratio was determined to be the most significant extraction variable. Under optimized conditions, MUAE and UMAE were determined to yield the highest amount of rutin extracted at 18.46 +/- 0.64 mg/g and 18.43 +/- 0.81 mg/ g, respectively. However, MUAE was determined to be the least resource efficient method as it consumed the highest amount of energy due to its relatively long extraction time. UAE was determined to be the most efficient in resource utilization as it required the least amount of energy for every mg/g of yield extracted, while the yield obtained was, nonetheless, comparatively high. The optimal condition obtained for UAE was 20 min of ultrasonic extraction time (T-U), 20 % of ethanol mixture concentration (C), 710 mu m of particle size (S), and 1:650 wt/wt of solid-liquid (S/L) ratio (R).
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Funders: | Universiti Malaya, Geran Penyelidikan Fakulti (GPF) fund (GPF028A-2018), Bantuan Kecil Penyelidikan (BKP) fund (BK018-2017) |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Female Carica papaya leaf; Rutin extraction; Microwave assisted extraction; Ultrasonic assisted extraction; Sequential microwave ultrasound assisted extraction; Sequential ultrasound microwave assisted extraction |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TP Chemical technology |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Engineering > Department of Chemical Engineering |
| Depositing User: | Ms. Juhaida Abd Rahim |
| Date Deposited: | 27 Oct 2025 08:19 |
| Last Modified: | 27 Oct 2025 08:19 |
| URI: | http://eprints.um.edu.my/id/eprint/50139 |
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