A reconfigurable CMOS stack rectifier with 22.8-dB dynamic range achieving 47.91% peak PCE for IoT/WSN application

Churchill, Kishore Kumar Pakkirisami and Ramiah, Harikrishnan and Choo, Alexander and Chong, Gabriel and Chen, Yong and Mak, Pui-In and Martins, Rui P. (2023) A reconfigurable CMOS stack rectifier with 22.8-dB dynamic range achieving 47.91% peak PCE for IoT/WSN application. IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems, 31 (10). pp. 1619-1623. ISSN 1063-8210, DOI https://doi.org/10.1109/TVLSI.2023.3299075.

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Abstract

This brief proposes a 900-MHz novel CMOS-reconfigurable stack rectifier (RSR) implemented in a three-stage cross-coupled differential rectifier (CCDR) for battery-assist Internet-of-Things (IoT)/wireless sensor network (WSN) applications. A three-mode RSR is incorporated for an extended dynamic range (DR) input power level with a 100-k Omega load, fabricated in the 130-nm CMOS. The realized RSR achieves a wide DR power conversion efficiency (PCE) by reducing the ON-resistance (RON) in the low-power zone (LPZ) achieved by reducing the threshold voltage (V-th) of the device and alternately increasing V-th in the high-power zone (HPZ) by implementing the proposed reconfigurable stack transistor technique along with the multithreshold voltage (MTV) technique. The circuit observes a measured result of 47.91% in peak PCE at an input power of -14 dBm by driving a 100-k Omega load. The proposed circuit also achieved 22.8 and 16.3 dB of DR with a PCE over 20% and 30%, respectively. Compared to other state-of-the-art designs, our work exhibits better DR and PCE.

Item Type: Article
Funders: UNSPECIFIED
Uncontrolled Keywords: xCMOS stack transistor; Dynamic range (DR) power conversion efficiency (PCE); Multithreshold-voltage technique; Radio-frequency (RF) energy harvesting (EH); Reconfigurable rectifier; RF-DC converters
Subjects: T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering
Divisions: Faculty of Engineering > Department of Electrical Engineering
Depositing User: Ms. Juhaida Abd Rahim
Date Deposited: 11 Oct 2025 12:41
Last Modified: 11 Oct 2025 12:41
URI: http://eprints.um.edu.my/id/eprint/48180

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