A review of recent advancements in the crystallization fouling of heat exchangers

Shaikh, Kaleemullah and Kazi, Md Salim Newaz and Mohd Zubir, Mohd Nashrul and Wong, Kok Hoe and Khan, Wajahat Ahmed and Abdullah, Shekh and Alam, Md Shadab and Sugumaran, Luvindran (2023) A review of recent advancements in the crystallization fouling of heat exchangers. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 148 (22). pp. 12369-12392. ISSN 1388-6150, DOI https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-023-12544-z.

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Abstract

A wide range of industrial processes (i.e., evaporation and condensation in desalination process, steam power plant, solar plant, etc.) involve heat transfer among the fluids. During the process of evaporative and cooling heat transfer, undesirable materials from the fluids accumulate on the surfaces, which critically reduces the performance of heat exchangers and creates one of the biggest challenges in energy transfer. Though the various studies on prediction and removal of fouling was conducted by numerous scientists, this problem is still unresolved in industrial process and is responsible for huge environmental damage and economic losses. This investigation provides a comprehensive overview of crystallization fouling in heat exchangers. Various factors affecting the deposition of crystallization foulaning such as fluid temperature, flow velocity, surface material and roughness, concentration and boiling are systematically reviewed. Accuracy and uncertainty of different equipment and experimental studies are discussed. In addition, fouling modelling is comprehensively discussed from earlier fundamental model to recent computational fluid dynamic and artificial neural networks model. Furthermore, mitigation of fouling with off-line and online approaches are chronologically discussed. Finally, an overview from environmental and economic prospective of fouling in heat exchangers are discussed. The future directions for crystallization fouling in heat exchangers are emphasized, which will support the researchers and industries to retard fouling and achieve economic benefits.

Item Type: Article
Funders: Ministry of Education, Malaysia
Uncontrolled Keywords: Heat exchanger; Fouling; Fouling mitigation; Fouling modelling; Environmental impacts; Economic evaluation
Subjects: Q Science > QD Chemistry
T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery
Divisions: Faculty of Engineering > Department of Mechanical Engineering
Institute of Advanced Studies
Depositing User: Ms. Juhaida Abd Rahim
Date Deposited: 17 Oct 2025 03:15
Last Modified: 17 Oct 2025 03:15
URI: http://eprints.um.edu.my/id/eprint/48112

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