A Novel Approach to Test-Induced Defect Detection in Semiconductor Wafers, Using Graph-Based Semi-Supervised Learning (GSSL)

Tabatabaeemoshiri, Pedram and Kumar, Narendra and Khairuddin, Anis Salwa Mohd and Ting, Daniel and Regeev, Vivek (2025) A Novel Approach to Test-Induced Defect Detection in Semiconductor Wafers, Using Graph-Based Semi-Supervised Learning (GSSL). IEEE Access, 13. pp. 21678-21694. ISSN 2169-3536, DOI https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3535103.

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Abstract

The semiconductor industry plays a vital role in modern technology, with semiconductor devices embedded in almost all electronic products. As these devices become increasingly complex, ensuring quality and reliability poses significant challenges. Electrical testing on semiconductor wafers for defects is crucial, but paradoxically, the testing process itself can introduce defects. These test-induced defects could remain undetected on the wafer, proceed through assembly, and may only be discovered later by customers, leading to returns and significant yield loss. This study proposes a novel graph-based semi-supervised learning (GSSL) algorithm to identify these test-induced hidden defects on the semiconductor wafer that escape conventional methods. The algorithm, which incorporates domain knowledge in creating a graph representation of wafer, and utilizing a weighted edge label propagation model, has demonstrated its effectiveness by achieving a 68% accuracy on a real-world dataset, offering a promising approach to enhance quality control in semiconductor manufacturing.

Item Type: Article
Funders: Industry-Driven Innovation Grant (IDIG) by Universiti Malaya (PPSI-2020-CLUSTER-IDIG07)
Uncontrolled Keywords: Defect detection; Defect detection; graph; graph; semi-supervised learning; semi-supervised learning; semiconductor wafer; semiconductor wafer; test-induced; test-induced
Subjects: T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering
Divisions: Faculty of Engineering > Department of Electrical Engineering
Depositing User: Ms. Juhaida Abd Rahim
Date Deposited: 26 May 2025 01:01
Last Modified: 26 May 2025 01:01
URI: http://eprints.um.edu.my/id/eprint/48043

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