A systematic review of graphical password methods resistant to shoulder-surfing attacks

Binbeshr, Farid and Siong, Khaw Chee and Por, Lip Yee and Imam, Muhammad and Al-Saggaf, Alawi A. and Abudaqa, Anas A. (2025) A systematic review of graphical password methods resistant to shoulder-surfing attacks. International Journal of Information Security, 24 (1). p. 46. ISSN 1615-5262, DOI https://doi.org/10.1007/s10207-024-00956-3.

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Official URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10207-024-00956-3

Abstract

Graphical passwords have emerged as an alternative to traditional alphanumeric passwords, offering potentially better memorability. However, they are often vulnerable to shoulder-surfing attacks, where attackers observe users entering their credentials. This Systematic Literature Review (SLR) addresses this critical gap by comprehensively analyzing existing graphical password methods resistant to shoulder-surfing attacks. A review protocol was developed to systematically search, conduct, and report the SLR. Two authors searched six databases and extracted the data from 183 articles. The review sheds light on effective graphical password methods resistant to shoulder-surfing attacks, evaluation methods used to evaluate these methods, and challenges hindering the adoption of graphical passwords as the mainstream authentication method. By synthesizing existing research, this SLR serves as a guide for future investigations and contributes to the development of more secure authentication methods.

Item Type: Article
Funders: UNSPECIFIED
Uncontrolled Keywords: Graphical password; Shoulder surfing; Systematic literature review; Authentication; security
Subjects: Q Science > QA Mathematics > QA75 Electronic computers. Computer science
Divisions: Faculty of Computer Science & Information Technology
Depositing User: Ms. Juhaida Abd Rahim
Date Deposited: 24 Mar 2025 07:00
Last Modified: 24 Mar 2025 07:00
URI: http://eprints.um.edu.my/id/eprint/47210

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