Iyadorai, Thevambiga and Lim, Sin How and Wong, Pui Li and Sii, Hoe Leong and P'ng, Chun Keat and Ee, Soon Sean and Tan, Maw Pin and Hanafi, Nik Sherina and Ng, Kim Tien and Chook, Jack Bee and Takebe, Yutaka and Chan, Kok-Gan and Singh, Sarbhan and Sam, I-Ching and Tee, Kok Keng (2024) Clinical symptoms, comorbidities and health outcomes among outpatients infected with the common cold coronaviruses versus influenza virus. Virology Journal, 21 (1). ISSN 1743-422X, DOI https://doi.org/10.1186/s12985-024-02524-6.
Full text not available from this repository.Abstract
BackgroundCommon cold coronaviruses (ccCoVs) and influenza virus are common infectious agents causing upper respiratory tract infections (RTIs). However, clinical symptoms, comorbidities, and health effects of ccCoV infection remain understudied.MethodsA retrospective study evaluated 3,935 outpatients with acute upper RTI at a tertiary teaching hospital. The presence of ccCoV and influenza virus was determined by multiplex molecular assay. The demographic, clinical symptoms, and health outcomes were compared between patients with ccCoV (n = 205) and influenza (n = 417) infections. Multivariable logistic regression was employed to evaluate predictors and health outcomes over a one-year follow-up.ResultsSore throat, nasal discharge, headache, and myalgia were more predominant in ccCoV infection; fever was common in influenza. Most patients reported moderate symptoms severity (49.8% ccCoV, 56.1% influenza). Subsequent primary care visits with symptoms of RTI within a year were comparable for both infections (27.3% ccCoV vs. 27.6% influenza). However, patients with influenza reported increased primary care visits for non-RTI episodes and all-cause hospital admission. Baseline comorbidities were associated with increased primary care visits with symptoms of RTI in either ccCoV (adjusted odds ratio aOR] 2.5; 95% confidence interval CI] 1.1-5.9; P = 0.034) or influenza (OR 1.9; 95% CI 1.1-3.1; P = 0.017) infections, due probably to the dysregulation of the host immune response following acute infections. In patients infected with influenza infection, dyslipidemia was a predictor for subsequent primary care visits with symptoms of RTI (unadjusted OR 1.8; 95% CI 1.0-3.0; P = 0.040).ConclusionsBoth influenza and ccCoV infection pose significant disease burden, especially in patients with comorbidities. The management of comorbidities should be prioritized to mitigate poor health outcomes in infected individuals.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Funders: | Biostatistics & Data Repository Sector, National Institutes of Health, Department of Medicine, University of Malaya, National Registration Department, Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia [Grant no. FRGS/1/2020/SKK0/UM/02/17, UM.C/625/1/HIR/MOE/CHAN/02/02] |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Common cold coronaviruses; Influenza virus; Clinical symptom; Comorbidity; Disease burden |
| Subjects: | R Medicine |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Medicine > Medical Microbiology Department Faculty of Medicine > Medicine Department Faculty of Medicine > Primary Care Medicine Department Faculty of Medicine > Sport Medicine Department Faculty of Science > Institute of Biological Sciences |
| Depositing User: | Ms. Juhaida Abd Rahim |
| Date Deposited: | 28 Oct 2025 07:55 |
| Last Modified: | 28 Oct 2025 07:55 |
| URI: | http://eprints.um.edu.my/id/eprint/46375 |
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