Tee, Mian Zi and Lee, Soo Ching and Er, Yi Xian and Yap, Nan Jiun and Ngui, Romano and Easton, Alice V. and Siow, Vinnie Wei Yin and Ng, Kee Seong and Boey, Christopher Chiong Meng and Chua, Kek Heng and Cadwell, Ken and Loke, P'ng and Lim, Yvonne Ai Lian (2022) Efficacy of triple dose albendazole treatment for soil-transmitted helminth infections. PLoS ONE, 17 (8). ISSN 1932-6203, DOI https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0272821.
Full text not available from this repository.Abstract
In Malaysia, soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections still persist among indigenous communities. In the past, local studies have focused mostly on epidemiologic aspects of STH infections with a scarcity of information on the efficacy of deworming treatment. The present study consisted of 2 phases: a cross-sectional phase on current epidemiological status and risk factors of STH infections and a longitudinal study over 6 weeks on triple dose albendazole efficacy against STH infections. A total of 253 participants were recruited at baseline and a pre-tested questionnaire was administered to obtain information on socio-demographics, environmental and behavioural risk factors. Stool samples were evaluated using a modified Kato-Katz technique. Cure rate (CR) and egg reduction rate (ERR) were assessed at 3 weeks following a 3-day course of 400mg albendazole treatment and infection status were observed again at 6 weeks. Baseline positivity of trichuriasis, ascariasis and hookworm infections were 56.1%, 11.9% and 20.2%, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed age below 18 years old (P = 0.004), without latrine in house (P = 0.042) and indiscriminate defecation (P = 0.032) were associated with STH infections. In the longitudinal study (N = 89), CR for trichuriasis was 64.6%, while CR of 100% was observed for both ascariasis and hookworm. ERR was above 90% for all three STH species. A rapid increased of Trichuris trichiura egg output was observed at 6 weeks. In conclusion, STH infections are highly prevalent among indigenous communities. Children and teenagers, poor sanitation and hygiene behaviour were determinants for STH infections. Triple dose albendazole is found to be efficacious against Ascaris lumbricoides and hookworm infections but has moderate curative effect with high ERR against T. trichiura. Although triple dose albendazole regimen has logistic challenges and may not be a routine option, consideration of this treatment regime may still be necessary in selective communities to reduce high intensity of T. trichiura infection.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Funders: | Ministry of Education, Malaysia [FP004-2017A], Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS), Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia, University of Malaya Special Research Fund Assistance [5R01AI130945], Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) [BKS005-2017], United States Department of Health & Human Services National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA NIH National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases (NIAID) [R01AI130945], United States Department of Health & Human Services National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA NIH National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases (NIAID) [ZIAAI001255] |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | TRICHURIS-TRICHIURA; ASCARIS-LUMBRICOIDES; RISK-FACTORS; HOOKWORM; CHILDREN; MALAYSIA; SINGLE; REINFECTION; VILLAGE; IMPACT |
| Subjects: | R Medicine > R Medicine (General) |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Medicine > Biomedical Science Department Faculty of Medicine > Paediatrics Department Faculty of Medicine > Parasitology Deparment |
| Depositing User: | Ms Koh Ai Peng |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Jul 2024 06:56 |
| Last Modified: | 24 Jul 2024 06:56 |
| URI: | http://eprints.um.edu.my/id/eprint/46264 |
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