Ngu, Ee-Ling and Tan, Cheng-Yau and Lai, Nicole Jean-Yean and Wong, Kah-Hui and Lim, Siew-Huah and Ming, Long Chiau and Tan, Kuan-Onn and Phang, Siew-Moi and Yow, Yoon-Yen (2022) Spirulina platensis suppressed iNOS and proinflammatory cytokines in lipopolysaccharide-induced BV2 microglia. METABOLITES, 12 (11). ISSN 2218-1989, DOI https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo12111147.
Full text not available from this repository.Abstract
The disease burden of neurodegenerative diseases is on the rise due to the aging population, and neuroinflammation is one of the underlying causes. Spirulina platensis is a well-known superfood with numerous reported bioactivities. However, the effect of S. platensis Universiti Malaya Algae Culture Collection 159 (UMACC 159) (a strain isolated from Israel) on proinflammatory mediators and cytokines remains unknown. In this study, we aimed to determine the anti-neuroinflammatory activity of S. platensis extracts and identify the potential bioactive compounds. S. platensis extracts (hexane, ethyl acetate, ethanol, and aqueous) were screened for phytochemical content and antioxidant activity. Ethanol extract was studied for its effect on proinflammatory mediators and cytokines in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced BV2 microglia. The potential bioactive compounds were identified using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometric (LC-MS) analysis. Ethanol extract had the highest flavonoid content and antioxidant and nitric oxide (NO) inhibitory activity. Ethanol extract completely inhibited the production of NO via the downregulation of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and significantly reduced the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and interleukin (IL)-6. Emmotin A, palmitic amide, and 1-monopalmitin, which might play an important role in cell signaling, have been identified. In conclusion, S. platensis ethanol extract inhibited neuroinflammation through the downregulation of NO, TNF-alpha and IL-6. This preliminary study provided insight into compound(s) isolation, which could contribute to the development of precision nutrition for disease management.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Funders: | Sunway University (PGSUREC) [2018/002], Jeffery Cheah Foundation Scholarship |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Spirulina platensis; neuroprotective; anti-neuroinflammation; antioxidants; nitric oxide; BV2 microglia |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QR Microbiology S Agriculture > S Agriculture (General) |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Medicine > Anaesthesiology Department Faculty of Science > Department of Chemistry Deputy Vice Chancellor (Research & Innovation) Office > Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences |
| Depositing User: | Ms Koh Ai Peng |
| Date Deposited: | 12 Aug 2024 08:38 |
| Last Modified: | 12 Aug 2024 08:38 |
| URI: | http://eprints.um.edu.my/id/eprint/46211 |
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