Foo, Jhi Biau and Looi, Qi Hao and How, Chee Wun and Lee, Sau Har and Al-Masawa, Maimonah Eissa and Chong, Pei Pei and Law, Jia Xian (2021) Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes and microRNAs in cartilage regeneration: Biogenesis, efficacy, miRNA enrichment and delivery. Pharmaceuticals, 14 (11). ISSN 1424-8247, DOI https://doi.org/10.3390/ph14111093.
Full text not available from this repository.Abstract
Exosomes are the small extracellular vesicles secreted by cells for intercellular communication. Exosomes are rich in therapeutic cargos such as microRNA (miRNA), long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), small interfering RNA (siRNA), DNA, protein, and lipids. Recently, many studies have focused on miRNAs as a promising therapeutic factor to support cartilage regeneration. Exosomes are known to contain a substantial amount of a variety of miRNAs. miRNAs regulate the post-transcriptional gene expression by base-pairing with the target messenger RNA (mRNA), leading to gene silencing. Several exosomal miRNAs have been found to play a role in cartilage regeneration by promoting chondrocyte proliferation and matrix secretion, reducing scar tissue formation, and subsiding inflammation. The exosomal miRNA cargo can be modulated using techniques such as cell transfection and priming as well as post-secretion modifications to upregulate specific miRNAs to enhance the therapeutic effect. Exosomes are delivered to the joints through direct injection or via encapsulation within a scaffold for sustained release. To date, exosome therapy for cartilage injuries has yet to be optimized as the ideal cell source for exosomes, and the dose and method of delivery have yet to be identified. More importantly, a deeper understanding of the role of exosomal miRNAs in cartilage repair is paramount for the development of more effective exosome therapy.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Funders: | Fundamental Research Grant Scheme by the Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia[FRGS/1/2020/SKK0/UKM/02/5], Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia[FF-2021287] |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Exosomes;Cartilage;Osteoarthritis;MicroRNA;Chondrocyte |
| Subjects: | R Medicine R Medicine > R Medicine (General) R Medicine > R Medicine (General) > Medical technology R Medicine > RS Pharmacy and materia medica |
| Depositing User: | Ms Zaharah Ramly |
| Date Deposited: | 22 Aug 2022 04:39 |
| Last Modified: | 22 Aug 2022 04:39 |
| URI: | http://eprints.um.edu.my/id/eprint/28676 |
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