Zdainal Abidin, Shajaratun Nur and Lee, Hwei Voon and Juan, Joon Ching and Abd Rahman, Noorsaadah and Taufiq-Yap, Yun Hin (2019) Production of green biofuel by using a goat manure supported Ni–Al hydrotalcite catalysed deoxygenation process. RSC Advances, 9 (3). pp. 1642-1652. ISSN 2046-2069, DOI https://doi.org/10.1039/C8RA07818A.
Full text not available from this repository.Abstract
The high oxygen content in natural biomass resources, such as vegetable oil or biomass-pyrolysed bio oil, is the main constraint in their implementation as a full-scale biofuel for the automotive industry. In the present study, renewable fuel with petrodiesel-like properties was produced via catalytic deoxygenation of oleic acid in the absence of hydrogen (H 2 ). The deoxygenation pathway of oleic acid to bio-hydrocarbon involves decarboxylation/decarbonylation of the oxygen content from the fatty acid structure in the form of carbon dioxide (CO 2 )/carbon monoxide (CO), with the presence of a goat manure supported Ni-Al hydrotalcite (Gm/Ni-Al) catalyst. Goat manure is an abundant bio-waste, containing a high mineral content, urea as well as cellulosic fiber of plants, which is potentially converted into activated carbon. Synthesis of Gm/Ni-Al was carried out by incorporation of pre-activated goat manure (GmA) during co-precipitation of Ni-Al catalyst with 1 : 3, 1 : 1 and 3 : 1 ratios. The physico-chemical properties of the catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET) surface area, field emission surface electron microscopy (FESEM) and temperature program desorption ammonia (TPD-NH 3 ) analysers. The catalytic deoxygenation reaction was performed in a batch reactor and the product obtained was characterized by using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GCMS) for compound composition identification as well as gas chromatography-flame ionisation detector (GC-FID) for yield and selectivity determination. The optimization and evaluation were executed using response surface methodology (RSM) in conjunction with central composite design (CCD) with 5-level-3-factors. From the RSM reaction model, it was found that the Gm/Ni-Al 1 : 1 catalysed deoxygenation reaction gives the optimum product yield of 97.9% of hydrocarbon in the range of C 8 -C 20 , with diesel selectivity (C 17 : heptadecane and heptadecene compounds) of 63.7% at the optimal reaction conditions of: (1) reaction temperature: 327.14 °C, (2) reaction time: 1 h, and (3) catalyst amount: 5 wt%.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Funders: | University Malaysia (GC001B-14AET, ST014-2017 and ST012-2018), Postgraduate Research Grant Scheme PPP (PG062-2015A), MyPhD scholarship from Ministry of Education, Malaysia |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Brunauer emmet tellers; Central composite designs; Deoxygenation reactions; Flame ionisation detector; Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopies; Optimal reaction condition; Physicochemical property; Response surface methodology |
| Subjects: | Q Science > Q Science (General) Q Science > QD Chemistry |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Science > Department of Chemistry Deputy Vice Chancellor (Research & Innovation) Office > Nanotechnology & Catalysis Research Centre |
| Depositing User: | Ms. Juhaida Abd Rahim |
| Date Deposited: | 01 Nov 2019 04:14 |
| Last Modified: | 01 Nov 2019 04:14 |
| URI: | http://eprints.um.edu.my/id/eprint/22905 |
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